Electric modulus of manganese doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

The electric modulus of manganese doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with the composition Co1-xMnxFe2O4 (0.125 & LE; x & LE; 0.5) are reported in this communication. Due to heterogeneity in their microstructure, the characteristic frequency, determined from the dispersion of the imaginary portion of the electric modulus, does not pursue the rising trend in Mn content. Based on the Mn content, the Nyquist plot of complex electric modulus identifies the type of charge carriers that dominate the conduction phase. This dominance of carrier type can easily be identified from the Nyquist plots. As such, n-type (Fe2+/Fe3+) plays a dominant role in the hopping process for the sample of Mn content 0.5 across the grain boundaries in the B site. Conversely, the p-type (Co2+/ Co3+) carriers are found to play their role in the hopping process across the grain boundaries for the sample of Mn content 0.125, 0.25, and 0.375.