The security-based optimization algorithm for enhancing the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks

In the upcoming era, one of the emergent technologies is "Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)," which has provided various solutions in the field of defense, surveillance, and so on. But the main problems in the WSNs are security and energy-efficient routing to the researchers. The deployment of security algorithms can monitor only the unauthorized signals to ensure security, but it lacks and leads to higher energy consumption, whereas the deployment of energy-efficient routing algorithms is used only for the selection of routing paths, but it fails to ensure security. Hence, the main intent of this research work is to solve both problems by the following proposed models. Model 1 is "Identity-Based Aggregate Signatures (IBAS)" that is the most effective security-based framework protocol in this research work. Model 2 is the integration of IBAS and "Fuzzy Logic System (FLS)" that acts as an energy-efficient algorithm, and here, FLS is used to find the optimal path from source to destination to transmit the data. Model 3 is the combination of IBAS and the "Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)" for higher energy efficiency and auto localization by analyzing the entire route in WSN. Model 4 is the combination of IBAS, WOA, and the "Reinforcement Theory of WOA (RTWOA)" energy-efficiency model with a twofold and weight factor strategy for better speed and accuracy. These models ensure security, energy efficiency, and auto localization. The simulation parameters such as "Energy Efficiency," "Packet Delivery Ratio," "Average delay," "Throughput," and "Energy Consumption" are evaluated, and results show that the performance of energy efficiency and security is higher in Model 4 when compared to the other three models.