An Overview of Developments In Silica Gel Matrix Composite Sorbents for Adsorption Chillers with Desalination Function

Adsorption cooling technology is a promising alternative to replace conventional solutions. However, adsorption chillers still need to be improved in terms of performance parameters. One of the most important factors affecting their efficiency is the characteristics of the adsorbent, which should have the highest adsorption capacity and enable efficient heat transport in the bed. The objective of this paper is to present current developments in the field of composite sorbents with silica gel matrix as modern and very promising materials and then perform a detailed analysis of them. The paper summarises the methods of synthesis of composite sorbents and the current knowledge concerning these materials. The analysis focuses on a comparison of the available data, particular taking into account the types of matrixes, so that the analysis provides a clear and qualitative basis for further research. As a result of exploring the state of the art, this subject is found to be insufficiently described; therefore, these materials are comprehensively analysed in terms of their properties and the impact of their use on the COP (coefficient of performance) and SCP (specific cooling power) of adsorption chillers. Based on the analysis of the literature, the most promising directions for further research are also indicated.