Utility of exome sequencing for the diagnosis of pediatric-onset neuromuscular diseases beyond diagnostic yield: a narrative review

Diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases (NMD) can be challenging because of the heterogeneity of this group of diseases. This review aimed to describe the diagnostic yield of whole exome sequencing (WES) for pediatric-onset neuromuscular disease diagnosis, as well as other benefits of this approach in patient management since WES can contribute to appropriate treatment selection in NMD patients. WES increases the possibility of reaching a conclusive genetic diagnosis when other technologies have failed and even exploring new genes not previously associated with a specific NMD. Moreover, this strategy can be useful when a dual diagnosis is suspected in complex congenital anomalies and undiagnosed cases.