Development of forensic medicine in Rwanda- past, present, and future perspectives

The Republic of Rwanda is a landlocked country with more than 12.6 million people. Similar to other nations in Africa, Rwanda is still developing its forensic medicine capabilities. This paper attempts to provide a concise history of forensic medicine in Rwanda, as well as a critique of the current state of affairs and recommendations for reform. The Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) investigates any suspicious or unexplained deaths in the country, after which the body is sent to the nearest public hospital for medico-legal autopsy. Except for the Rwanda Forensic Laboratory, which has forensic practitioners with minimal training in forensic medicine, the majority of medical practitioners engaged in medicolegal activities in Rwanda lack forensic medicine training. To standardize medico-legal practices and forensic medicine education in the country, a competent medico-legal authority must be established to host frequent seminars, conferences, and various training programs for both forensic and non-forensic medicine experts.