Canine Cesarean Section Emergency and Elective

Cesarean section (CS) is performed primarily to improve newborn survival. There are situations in which CS is indicated to preserve maternal health or future fertility but in most cases, the choice of CS is all about saving pups! Canine CS is well covered in the literature, comparing anesthesia techniques and methods for improved newborn recovery. In this edition, pertinent literature is reviewed, with an added focus on refined techniques from the authors' experience of more than 1300 successful CS cases over several decades. Although management of the emergency CS (Em-CS) is important for all small animal veterinarians, the authors additionally encourage an acceptance of the elective CS as a planned event.