Inductive Power Transfer in Electric Vehicles: Past and Future Trends

Electric vehicle (EV) technology has proven to be a propulsion technology of the future, but urgently needs to address challenges, such as lower-priced, reasonably sized EVs for higher market penetration, higher lifecycle efficiency, and increased power density. Range extension, in particular in urban scenarios, is critical. Inductive power transfer (IPT) technology simultaneously solves the electric hazard risks of conventional power cord battery chargers, but especially EV limited autonomy and related anxiety and even security. The current main focus of IPT research has shifted toward challenges imposed by the dynamic operation mode, with cost-effective analysis of the best dynamic configuration and optimization of the transmitter pads, leakage flux control techniques, or even the state-of-the-art solution with compact in-Wheel approaches. The presented analysis, from past to future trends in this field of expertise, reveals the amount of effort that has been put forward to guarantee a mature transition to a greener and more sustainable future in electric transportation.