Science mapping the knowledge domain of electrochemical energy storage technology: A bibliometric review

Electrochemical energy storage (EES) technology plays a crucial role in facilitating the integration of renewable energy generation into the grid. Nevertheless, the diverse array of EES technologies, varying maturity levels, and wide-ranging application scenarios pose challenges in determining its developmental trajectory. Therefore, a comprehensive visual knowledge graph was constructed based on 6806 articles related to EES from the year of 2000 to 2022. This knowledge graph enables the identification of domain-specific research landscape, techno-logical hotspots, frontiers, and evolutionary trends, and it provides insights for future technological research directions. The findings reveal the following: (1) The field of ESS has witnessed a significant surge in publica-tions. China and the United States emerge as the leading contributors in terms of research output. Moreover, developing countries like India and Saudi Arabia have demonstrated substantial potential for future advance-ments. These researches predominantly emphasize the engineering and applied science facets of electrochemical energy storage. (2) The research development history can be categorized into initial (2000-2010), rapid development (2011-2017) and boom (2018-2022) three stages with the research hotspots centered on the fundamental theories/preparation methods of batteries, storage performance enhancing based on nano-structures, carbon materials as well as other related technologies, and the large-scale commercialization of EES applications respectively. (3) The forefront of EES encompasses innovations in the electrolyte system and the substitution of lithium-based batteries. Moreover, cost control, thermal management, and system integration management of energy storage are crucial aspects in addressing the challenges associated with the scale development of EES.