Smile analysis in dentistry and orthodontics - a review

The desire for an attractive smile is a major reason people seek orthodontic and other forms of cosmetic dental treatment. An understanding of the features of a smile is important for dental diagnosis and treatment planning. The common methods of smile analysis rely on the visual analysis of smile aesthetics using posed photographs, and videos and gathering information about smiles through patient questionnaires and diaries. Recent emerging trends utilise artificial intelligence and automated systems capable of detecting and analysing smiles using motion capture, computer vision, computer graphics, infrared and thermal imaging, electromyography, and optical sensors. This review aims to provide an up-to-date summary of emerging trends in smile analysis in dentistry and orthodontics. Understanding the advantages and limitations of emerging tools for smile analysis will enable clinicians to provide tailored and up-to-date treatment plans.