Assessment of physics soil properties, landform and land use for mapping potential areas for groundwater recharge on the Mogi Guaçu river banks

In Brazil, Mogi Guacu River is inserted in the one of the most important hydrogeological provinces, populous and economically developed. Although essential to freshwater sustainably manage, analysis of water recharge zones is difficult, complex, time-consuming and expensive, because require further information regarding soils and the relationship with the landscape, rainfall and vegetation. This study aims to develop fuzzy logic models for the groundwater recharge zoning in a sub-basin located in the Mogi Guacu River banks. The spatial variability of soil attributes was determined through ordinary kriging. For the topography, the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) was considered. The analysis of vegetation cover was represented by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Were generated and tested models with 3 different groups of input variables: 1 - soil indexes; 2 - soil indexes + TWI; 3 - soil indexes + TWI + NDVI. The development of fuzzy logic models with input variables representing the soil, landscape and vegetation was the most effective in the complex recharge mapping, characterizing consistently the saturated hydraulic conductivity obtained from field.