Research on cutting temperature distribution of carbide cutter rake face considering sticking-welding layer

In the process of cutting 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V material with carbide cutter, the cutter-chip element diffusion occurs, which will cause sticking-welding layer easily produced on rake surface. In order to study the influence of the sticking-welding layer on the temperature distribution and gradient of rake face, the thermal conductivity of sticking-welding layer on rake face was calculated by using the Maxwell-Eucken diffusion phase continuum principle. According to the heat conduction theory, the theoretical model of heat transfer with or without the sticking-welding layer on rake face was established, and combined with the finite element simulation model, the temperature distribution of rake face is studied by combining model calculation and numerical simulation. The results show that: when there is sticking-welding layer on rake face of cutter, this specified layer will play the role of heat insulation, leading to relatively low temperature of rake face. The presence of sticking-welding layer will cause the temperature fluctuation of cutter rake face, and the temperature also increases with the increase of the thickness. At the same time, the variation trend of temperature gradient in sticking-welding layer is similar with different layer thickness, whereas the larger the thickness, the greater the variation of temperature gradient due to the thermal resistance. By comparing and analyzing the average cutting temperature of rake face of the actual cutting and simulation, it is concluded that the temperature simulated by the finite element model will be closer to the actual measured temperature, and the measurement error is less than 10%, which provides a theoretical basis for delaying the tool life.