SB216763-loaded multifunctional copper-doped bioglass 3D printed scaffold promotes wound healing and functional skin regeneration

Complete skin reconstruction is a complex process which involves regeneration and reconstruction of the epidermis, dermis, vascular system, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Multiple wound dressings have been developed for skin regeneration. However, only a few studies have focused on the regeneration of hair and skin appendages, particularly blood vessels and hair follicles. In this study, 3D printed Cu-doped 1393-2B bioglass (Cu-BG) with chitosan (CS) and 1393-2B bioglass (BG) with chitosan wound dressing (Cu-BG/CS, BG/CS) were designed. The swelling rate and mechanical and antibacterial properties of BG/CS and Cu-BG/CS wound dressings in different composites were compared. Cu-BG/CS exhibited antibacterial properties and vascular growth. Additionally, SB216763 was loaded onto Cu-BG/CS dressings, and it was observed that Cu-BG/CS@SB exhibited better proliferation ability and certain biological activity, which indicated that beta-catenin expression was upregulated in fibroblasts in vitro. The wound healing of drug-loaded dressing was faster and better than that of drug-free dressing, and the healing ratio of Cu-BG/CS@SB groups were 85% on day 10. Additionally, hair follicle regeneration was observed in wounds treated using Cu-BG/CS@SB groups, and it exhibited function repair. It was demonstrated that Cu-BG/ CS@SB composite dressings can be used for skin wound healing and functional repair.