Eye Gaze in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neural Evidence for the Eye Avoidance Hypothesis

被引:27
|
作者
Stuart, Nicole [1 ]
Whitehouse, Andrew [2 ]
Palermo, Romina [1 ]
Bothe, Ellen [1 ]
Badcock, Nicholas [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
[2] Perth Childrens Hosp, Telethon Kids Inst, 15 Hosp Ave, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
关键词
Autism spectrum disorder; Eye gaze; Eye avoidance; Amygdala; Social brain; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INFERIOR FRONTAL GYRUS; SOCIAL BRAIN NETWORK; IMPAIRED RECOGNITION; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; AMYGDALA DAMAGE; EMOTIONAL FACES; HIGH-RISK; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.1007/s10803-022-05443-z
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Reduced eye contact early in life may play a role in the developmental pathways that culminate in a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. However, there are contradictory theories regarding the neural mechanisms involved. According to the amygdala theory of autism, reduced eye contact results from a hypoactive amygdala that fails to flag eyes as salient. However, the eye avoidance hypothesis proposes the opposite-that amygdala hyperactivity causes eye avoidance. This review evaluated studies that measured the relationship between eye gaze and activity in the 'social brain' when viewing facial stimuli. Of the reviewed studies, eight of eleven supported the eye avoidance hypothesis. These results suggest eye avoidance may be used to reduce amygdala-related hyperarousal among people on the autism spectrum.
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页码:1884 / 1905
页数:22
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