A multi-objective optimization model for school location-allocation coupling demographic changes

Optimal location-allocation of schools is an important issue in urban land use planning. Current models often focus on the perspective of increased land use demand. However, in some areas, a decrease in the number of students can result in the reduction in the number of required schools. To approach that, a multi-objective optimization model for school location-allocation considering demographic changes is presented. In this model, firstly candidate locations are selected using physical suitability evaluation. Next, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to select the required number of locations among the candidates and allocate population blocks to them in three scenarios.