Impacts of tilapia aquaculture on native fish diversity at an ecologically important reservoir

被引:2
|
作者
Abd Hamid, Muzzalifah [1 ,2 ]
Sah, Amir Shah Ruddin Md [2 ]
Idris, Izwandy [1 ]
Nor, Siti Azizah Mohd [2 ,3 ]
Mansor, Mashhor [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Inst Oceanog & Environm, South China Sea Repository & Reference Ctr, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
[2] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Biol Sci, Usm Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
[3] Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Inst Climate Adaptat & Marine Biotechnol, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
来源
PEERJ | 2023年 / 11卷
关键词
Tilapia; Aquaculture; Escapee; Temengor Reservoir; Catch per unit effort (CPUE); Native fish; NILE TILAPIA; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; COASTAL MISSISSIPPI; LAKE VICTORIA; INTRODUCTIONS; FOOD; COMMUNITIES; FISHERIES; RIVER; RISK;
D O I
10.7717/peerj.15986
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Background: The Temengor Reservoir is the second largest reservoir in Peninsular Malaysia. Located in the northwestern state of Perak, it was selected to develop a large-scale tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) aquaculture facility within the Aquaculture Industrial Zone (AIZ) in 2008 due to its favourable environmental conditions. No record of tilapia has ever been reported in the natural waters prior to this. However, a post-establishment study recorded tilapia sightings in the natural waters of this lake. The cultured tilapia was easily recognizable with the elongated mouth and body, and long caudal fin. It is postulated that these were escapees from the floating cages that had invaded the natural waters and would negatively impact the native fish species. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the impact of the aquaculture facility on native fish diversity through a spatial design.Methods: The study was focused on assessing the impact of tilapia culture at sites nearer to the AIZ vs more distant sites, the former with a greater likelihood of receiving escapees. Two major sites were chosen; within 5 km (near-cage) and within 5-15 km (far-cage) radii from the AIZ. Fish sampling was conducted using multiple mesh sizes of gill nets (3.7, 5.1, 6.5, 7.6, and 10.2 cm) deployed at the littoral zone of the sampling points. Species diversity, abundance, dietary habits, and habitat preference were investigated.Results: The CPUE (individual/hour) of native fish species at the far-cage site of the AIZ Reservoir was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that at the near-cage site. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on diet and habitat preferences showed that the tilapia, O. niloticus had almost overlapping diet resources and habitat with native fish species.Conclusion: We conclude that there is a correlation between the reduced catches of native species (based on CPUE) and the high presence of tilapia. Thus, appropriate actions must be implemented for strategic and effective planning in terms of native fish conservation.
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页数:19
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