Luminescent metal-organic framework composites with multiple luminescence emissions have been efficient sensing platforms. Herein, a fluorescent sensor (RhB@1-0.4) with dual-emission fluorescence properties was prepared by introducing rhodamine B (RhB) into the framework of complex 1, [Mn-2.5(HCPCP)(H2O)(4)]<middle dot>(CH3CN)(0.5) [HCPCP = hexa-(4-carboxyl-phenoxy)-cyclotriphosphazene and CH3CN = acetonitrile), which is a novel crystalline two-dimensional (2D) coordinated organic framework material. It is a highly desirable material, realizing a ratiometric fluorescence response to putrescine with a high signal-to-noise ratio, and the detection limit can be as low as 6.8 mu M. In addition, RhB@1-0.4 exhibited a better fluorescent sensing performance for aromatic diamines and nitrophenols compared with that of complex 1. It is a potential functionalized MOF material for the application of multichannel fluorescence sensing.