Reducible tungsten(VI) oxide-supported ruthenium(0) nanoparticles: highly active catalyst for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane

Reducible WO3 powder with a mean diameter of 100 nm is used as support to stabilize ruthenium(0) nanoparticles. Ruthenium(0) nanoparticles are obtained by NaBH4 reduction of ruthenium(III) precursor on the surface of WO3 support at room temperature. Ruthenium(0) nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the surface of tungsten(VI) oxide. The obtained Ru0/WO3 nanoparticles are found to be active catalysts in hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane. The turnover frequency (TOF) values of the Ru0/WO3 nanocatalysts with the metal loading of 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0% wt. Ru are 122, 106, and 83 min-1, respectively, in releasing hydrogen gas from the hydrolysis of ammonia borane at 25.0 degrees C. As the Ru0/WO3 (1.0% wt. Ru) nanocatalyst with an average particle size of 2.6 nm provides the highest activity among them, it is extensively investigated. Although the Ru0/WO3 (1.0% wt. Ru) nanocatalyst is not magnetically separable, it has extremely high reusability in the hydrolysis reaction as it preserves 100% of initial catalytic activity even after the 5th run of hydrolysis. The high activity and reusability of Ru0/WO3 (1.0% wt. Ru) nanocatalyst are attributed to the favorable metal-support interaction between the ruthenium(0) nanoparticles and the reducible tungsten(VI) oxide. The high catalytic activity and high stability of Ru0/WO3 nanoparticles increase the catalytic efficiency of precious ruthenium in hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.