Mannoproteins, arabinogalactan protein, rhamnogalacturonan II and their pairwise combinations regulating wine astringency induced by the interaction of proanthocyanidins and proteins

Roles of polysaccharides on modulating wine astringency from the perspective of polyphenol-proteins interaction has received increasing attention in last decade. In this work, proanthocyanidins extracts from three wines with different polyphenolic profiles and organoleptic properties were prepared to establish polyphenol-proteins interaction model wines. The effect of three wine polysaccharides including mannoproteins (MP), arabinoga-lactan protein (AGP) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) as well as their pairwise combinations on the interaction model wines were evaluated. Results showed that the structure and concentration of proanthocyanidins and polysaccharides had great influence on astringency. Proanthocyanidins with high mean degree of polymerization generated stronger astringency than others. Combining the results of fluorescence quenching and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, RG-II and other two polysaccharides (MP and AGP) modulated astringency through forming a ternary complex and competing reaction, respectively. Owing to synergetic ef-fects, pairwise combinations of three polysaccharides (especially AGP + RG-II) reduced astringency more significantly than individual polysaccharides. Lower concentration (0.2 g/L-0.6 g/L) polysaccharides showed great contribution in modulating astringency. Sensory evaluation also verified the above-mentioned results. These findings were supposed to help better understand changes of astringency perception owing to the inter-action of macromolecular substances in wine.