A closer look at the U(1)B-L explanation of the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies

We revisit the gauged U(1) (B-L )explanation of the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies, in which the new gauge boson is the hypothetical X(17) particle. It is known that the vanilla B - L scenario is unable to account for appropriate couplings, namely the suppression of the couplings of X(17) to neutrinos, which motivates adding vector-like leptons. The simplest case, in which the new fields have B - L charges equal to 1, is highly disfavoured since it requires large mixing with the Standard Model fields. One solution recently put forward is to consider large B - L charges to counterbalance small mixing. We show that, in this scenario, and after taking into account several phenomenological constraints, the dominant contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g - 2) (mu) is expected to be extremely large and with a negative sign, being thus excluded by experiment.