Quantum secure two party authentication protocol for mobile devices

Due to recent advancements in mobile and wireless technologies, many mobile-based applications have received greater attention. Users can use their mobile devices to access various web services via the Internet from any location at any time. Hence, security becomes a critical issue in wireless communications because of the open nature of the network. Over the last two decades, many researchers have proposed various authentication protocols for mobile devices to ensure safe communication. These protocols follow either two party architecture or three party architecture. Most of these protocols are based on discrete logarithms or integer factorization problems, which are solvable in polynomial time algorithms for quantum computers. As a result, authenticated key agreement (AKA) schemes based on factorization and discrete logarithms are not secure in post-quantum environments. Thus, analyzing and designing AKA schemes for the quantum environment is required. We propose two party authenticated key agreement scheme for mobile devices based on ring learning with error problems. The proposed AKA scheme security is based on hard lattice problems. The security of the proposed design is analyzed and proved in the random oracle model. Moreover, performance evaluation and comparative study are also done to understand the proposed design's usefulness.