Mental health and well-being at work: A systematic review of literature and directions for future research

Despite an increasing interest in mental health at workplace in recent years, there is limited understanding of antecedents and consequences of employees' mental health and well-being. Drawing on a review of 341 studies, this paper identifies the antecedents and consequences of mental health and well-being of employed workforce at three interconnected levels, i.e., macro-, meso- and micro-levels, to develop a holistic understanding of the phenomenon. The antecedents at each level are classified as inhibitors or facilitators according to adverse or positive influence on mental well-being of employees. The findings guide future research by revealing and synthesizing the under-researched factors and outcomes of employees' mental health and well-being.