A study on relationship of gender and features of leadership style and effectiveness in higher education institutions

In today's dynamic business world, effective leadership is crucial. Although research in this area is expanding, there is still a lack of information regarding the relationships between gender and leadership style characteristics and effectiveness. In addition to examining the correlations between gender, leadership style, and effectiveness, this work examines the characteristics of different leadership styles. Four hundred faculties of higher education institutions provided information on the leadership characteristics and effectiveness of both men and women. During the study, seven characteristics of leadership styles were identified: goal-oriented, balanced, commanding, encouraging, team spirit, systematic thinking, and empowerment. One sample T-test was applied to the data for analysis. The results revealed a distinction between the leadership styles and effectiveness of men and women. Common leadership characteristics identified in women were balance, systematic thinking, encouragement, and goal-oriented, whereas men's leadership characteristics included commanding empowerment and team spirit. This research article will be useful for academics, HRD professionals, and researchers.