Cost-benefit analysis of rotavirus vaccine included in the national immunization program in China

Background: Globally, rotavirus is a leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis among children aged under 5 years and has a significant economic cost. Currently, rotavirus vaccines are only included in the private market in China. This study aimed to assess the cost-benefit of including a three-dose rota -virus vaccine in China's National Immunization Program (NIP).Methods: A decision tree Markov model was constructed to evaluate the cost-benefit of universal immu-nization with three doses of rotavirus vaccine for a 2019 birth cohort of Chinese children. Costs of the universal vaccination program included vaccine price, vaccine wastage, vaccine administration, and indi-rect costs. All costs were discounted at 3 % per year and converted from 2019 Chinese Yuan to 2019 USD using the 2019 exchange rate.Results: For the 2019 birth cohort of Chinese infants, inclusion of RotaTeq in NIP was estimated to pre-vent 5,677,911 cases of rotavirus infection, with net savings of $1.1 billion in total societal costs. A cost of $17.55 per vaccine dose was the threshold at which inclusion of rotavirus vaccine in NIP would be cost -saving.Conclusions: Introducing rotavirus vaccine into the China NIP would have significant costs from a societal perspective at the current private market price.(c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.