Anal cytology screening in women with premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix

Objective: the main objective of the study was to as-sess the prevalence of anal cytology in women with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Method: cohort transversal study conducted from May, 2018 until August, 2020 at Pereira Rossell Hos-pital. Two cohorts were studied, one of which included women with a diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neo-plasia and the other one included healthy women who attended their routine follow up, in a 2:1 ratio. The total size of the sample was 205 patients, 135 of which were patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (confidence interval being 95%), presuming a 10% pre-valence of anal pre-neoplasic lesions. The sample size of the control cohort was 70 patients as per the pre -de-fined ratio.Results: a association was found between the pre-sence of malignant lesions of the cervix and epithelial anomalies detected in the anal cytology, with a preva-lence coefficient of 1.77 (CI: 95%: 1,19 - 2,62) and odds ratio of 2,69 (1,36 - 5,30). No significant differen-ces were found between race, type of sexual relations-hips or smoking variables.Conclusions: our study concludes there is an asso-ciation between cervical intraepithelial neoplasia rela-ted to HPV and pathological anal screening.