Preparation and Extraction Application of Lithium Ion Selective Adsorption Materials

In recent years, with the rapid advancement and large-scale application of lithium battery technology and electric vehicle, the market demand for lithium resource is growing sharply. However, due to insufficient mining degree and extraction technology, the total production capacity of ore lithium and brine lithium resources is far below the actual market demand. Extracting lithium from surface salt lake brine, deep brine and other liquid resources has the advantages of large resource potential and low extraction cost, which presents important research direction in the lithium resource extraction field. Among available lithium extraction technologies, adsorption method is suitable for extracting lithium from low concentration and large volume liquid brine resources in China, and selective lithium ion adsorption materials are the core of adsorption method. In this review, we focus on the preparation and application of lithium ion selective adsorption materials for lithium extraction from brine. The preparation methods, adsorption properties and adsorption mechanisms of organic (crown ether), inorganic ( aluminum-, manganese-and titanium-based adsorbents) and composite selective lithium adsorption materials are reviewed. This review provides a brief prospect for the design and development of new lithium adsorption materials, which may push forward the efficient extraction and utilization of lithium resources from salt lake brine.