Spatiotemporal variation pattern of production-living-ecological space and land use ecological risk and their relationship analysis: a case study of Changzhi City, China

With the rapid development of mining, more and more cities faced the trade-off between ecological protection and large-scale mining. Assessment of production-living-ecological space transformation and land use ecological risk can provide a scientific guidance for land use management and risk control. This paper focused on a resource-based city, Changzhi City in China, using RRM model and elasticity coefficient to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the production-living-ecological space evolution and land use ecological risk change, and measured the responsiveness of land use ecological risk to space transformation. The results showed the following: (1) From 2000 to 2020, production, living, and ecological spaces showed increased, decreased, and stable conditions, respectively. (2) The level of ecological risk showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2020; the growth rate in the last 10 years was significantly lower than that in the first 10 years which was due to policy induced; the changes of ecological risk levels in each district and county were insignificant. (3) The elasticity coefficient from 2010 to 2020 became significantly less than that of the previous 10 years. The impact of the production-living-ecological space transformation on ecological risk was significantly reduced and the influencing factors of land use ecological risk were more diversified. However, Luzhou District still had a high level of land use ecological risk, which needs to pay more attention and be taken seriously. Our study provided guidance for ecological protection, rational land use, and territory development plan in Changzhi City, and also can be used as a reference in other resource-based cities.