A seismic acquisition technique for the exploration of unconventional gas: An example from southeastern Shanxi Province, China

In some unconventional gas enrichment regions, the topography undergoes extreme undulation, and the surface lithology is considerably altered. This, in turn, has a great impact on seismic exploration. The main difficulty in the acquisition stage has been the selection of effective resonant frequencies and receiving parameters. This study applies a method blending micro logging and refraction to achieve a fine examination of shallow surface structures, as well as to determine a sufficient excitement layer according to the micro logging data, and thus ensure that the grain on the base or consolidated clay layer is generated. The results of this study show that the excitement and reception parameters selected can suppress interference waves, such as surface waves and multiple reflections, and in turn resolve the problem of the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the mountainous areas of the region, particularly low-noise areas.