Rationality and Behavior Feedback in a Model of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is intended to improve road safety through distributed information sharing; however, it is difficult to predict and optimize how human agents will respond to this information. In a Bayesian game, agents probabilistically adopt various types from a fixed, exogenous distribution. Agents in such models ostensibly perform Bayesian inference, which may not be a reasonable cognitive demand for most humans. To complicate matters, realworld information provided to agents is often implicitly dependent on agent behavior, meaning that the distribution of agent types is a function of the behavior of agents (i.e., the type distribution is endogenous). In this paper, we study an existing model of V2V communication, but relax it along two dimensions: first, we pose a behavior model which does not require human agents to perform Bayesian inference; second, an equilibrium model which avoids the challenging endogenous recursion. Surprisingly, we show that the simplified non-Bayesian behavior model yields the exact same equilibrium behavior as the original Bayesian model, which may lend credibility to Bayesian models. However, we also show that the endogenous type model is necessary to obtain certain informational paradoxes; these paradoxes do not appear in the simpler exogenous model. This suggests that standard Bayesian game models with fixed type distributions are not sufficient to express certain important phenomena.