Using of large eddy simulation model for a spatially developing turbulent natural convection boundary layer in water along a side-heated vertical wall with high Rayleigh number (Ra* ≈ 8 x 1014)

To further understand the turbulent natural convection in the residual heat removal process of a nuclear reactor in accidental condition, a spatially developing natural convection boundary layer along a side-heated vertical plane in water is simulated with Large Eddy Simulation (LES) strategy. The maximum modified Rayleigh number (Ra* = Ra x Nu) reaches 8 x 1014 with the uniform heat flux input (approximate to 10000 W/m2). In particular, the buoyancy driven flow is simulated by an incompressible flow solver with Boussinesq approximation. The Wall Adaptive Local Eddy (WALE) model is selected as the sub-grid scale model for the LES simulation. After comparing with available measurements, it is found that reasonable agreement has been achieved in wall temperature distri-bution along the heated wall, heat transfer rate as well as mean temperature, mean velocity and turbulent statistics in the boundary layer. The detailed vortex structure and velocity spectra in the boundary layer cor-responding to different regime are clearly demonstrated. It is shown that the transition process in the boundary layer can be accurately presented with the refined mesh (x+ approximate to 0.1) in the near wall region. To be more specific, the appeared ordered vortex street in the transition stage and the estimated critical Rayleigh number for tur-bulence inception correspond well to previous experimental observations. The significant effect of early trans-formation of two-dimensional (2D) linear Tollmien-Schlichting waves on the heat transfer is also proved. It is expected that current study can enhance the understanding of turbulent boundary layer at high heat flux and high Rayleigh number.