Current communication practices for biomarker testing in non-small cell lung cancer: Exploring patient and clinician perspectives

Objectives: We qualitatively explored patient and clinician experiences with biomarker testing in one academic health system to identify current communication practices and unmet testing information needs. Methods: We conducted 1:1 in-depth interviews with 15 clinicians (i.e., nurses, oncologists, pathologists) and 12 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer between January and May 2022. Participants described experiences with biomarker testing as well as associated communication practices and needs. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Analysis was informed by the Framework Method. Results: Patients described challenges retaining information early in their patient journey. While patients were generally aware of biomarkers and their effect on treatment options, they expressed limited knowledge of expected time delays between testing and receiving results. Additionally, many did not know their testing results. Clinicians and patients both noted no standard education material on biomarker testing is currently available. They suggested such materials could support patient knowledge and decision-making. Conclusions: Communication between patients and clinicians about biomarker testing is largely delivered through verbal counseling at a time when patients may be cognitively compromised. All participants supported the idea of delivering standard, tangible education materials on biomarker testing to patients. Practice implications: Education materials may enhance counseling efforts and patient knowledge.