Educational interventions for advance care planning in adherence to advance directives of will: integrative review

The Advance Care Planning (ACP) is an approach that allows the individual to define goals and preferences regarding future treatments and health care, in the face of serious illnesses. Objective: To summarize the literature on ACP educational interventions to support adherence to Advance Directives (AD) in Palliative Care (PC). Methods: Integrative literature review carried out in MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases, from 2016 to 2020; in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Results: Twelve articles were selected, which used different strategies for educational interventions. From the analysis of the data obtained, three categories emerged: importance of the family approach in the adherence to AD; professional-patient communication in the adherence to AD; in-hospital and out-of-hospital context of the ACP. Conclusion: it is recommended that ACP educational interventions use an early approach to patients diagnosed with chronic diseases, that they are centered on the patient-family unit and that they make use of effective and open communication. Thus, knowledge about these interventions will help nurses to develop effective bonding and communication strategies in approaching palliative care patients and their families.