Extensive characterization of novel cellulosic biofiber from leaf sheath of Licuala grandis for biocomposite applications

Composite industries focus on utilization of natural resources to imbibe sustainability in their products. This investigation details the segregation and characterization of Licuala grandis leaf sheath fibers (LGLSFs) extracted from leaf sheath of Licuala grandis tree an agro-waste for utilization as raw material in composite industries. The characteristics of LGLSF were compared with other competitive natural fibers to ensure its suitability for reinforcement in composite industry. The characterizations include chemical, mechanical, morphological, and thermal methods. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum revealed the existence of functional groups in LGLSF. The surface texture of LGLSF observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) ensures its possibility of making better interfacial bonding characteristics with the matrix when reinforced in polymer composites. To support the industry on decision making process, the quantitative metrics such as cellulose content (49.13 wt.%), minimum wax (0.31 wt.%), lesser density (1.24 g/cm(3)), higher crystallinity index (48%), tensile strength (102-179 MPa), and Young's modulus (1.3-5.4 GPa) of LGLSF were appraised. The thermal stability up to 223 degrees C and exothermic and endothermic behavior of LGLSF at higher temperatures were ensured through thermogravimetric (TGA/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, respectively. The appraised quantitative values, the thermal behavior, and chemical functionality of LGLSF ensure its use as reinforcement in polymer composites employed for low density structural applications.