Usability evaluation of interoperability interfaces in electronic medical record systems

Interoperability plays a crucial role in facilitating seamless data sharing across system boundaries, necessitating collaborative efforts among multiple systems. To achieve this, the presence of a common reference model for data exchange and dedicated interfaces is essential. However, the current state of Health Information Systems (HIS) often falls short in providing effective design elements that enable smooth and continuous data exchange across diverse domains. To address this challenge, a comprehensive investigation of the technical, syntactic, semantic, and other important aspects of interoperability interfaces is necessary, both in theory and practice. This article aims to address the design challenges associated with interoperability interfaces in Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems. We commence by establishing theoretical guidelines that serve as foundation for designing effective interfaces. These guidelines encompass key considerations for the usability of interoperability interfaces, such as importing and exporting data of EMRs. Building upon this theoretical framework, we evaluate the interoperability interfaces within OpenMRS, a widely used EMR system. By aligning the evaluations with the established theoretical guidelines, we propose a set of generic interoperability interfaces designed to enhance the seamless exchange of data across different domains. To assess their usability, we employ a predictive usability inspection, providing valuable insights into the practical aspects of these interfaces. Through this research, we aim to contribute to the improvement of interoperability interfaces in EMR systems, bridging the gap between theoretical guidelines and practical implementation. By addressing the design challenges, conducting evaluations, and proposing interoperability interfaces, we strive to enhance data exchange design and promote a more integrated and collaborative healthcare system.