More is not always better? Vocabulary learning strategies instruction in online environment

Prior studies have reported positive outcomes of technology-enhanced vocabulary learning and recommended self-regulated learning (SRL) as a design principle for the relevant technologies. However, there has not hitherto been any comprehensive study of the combined use of SRL and specific vocabulary-learning strategies in technology-enhanced learning environments. This study addresses this gap by conducting an experiment on the development of an educational website that promotes self-regulated vocabulary learning. Prior to undergoing a six-week training program, 120 participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups based on two vocabulary-learning strategies: (1) a lexical-inference group; (2) a dictionary-use group; or (3) a dictionary-use with lexical-inference group. Comparisons of the gain scores among the three groups revealed that the lexical-inference group demonstrated the best performance in terms of vocabulary retention, while the dictionary-use group excelled in vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension. Additionally, simultaneous utilization of these strategies may lead to some adverse effects. These findings highlight the importance of vocabulary learners developing a clear understanding of when to employ a specific strategy, honing their ability to effectively transfer between strategies, and enhancing their proficiency in each strategy. By doing so, learners can potentially maximize the benefits derived from their vocabulary learning endeavors.