The prevalence of obstetric violence experienced by women during childbirth care and its associated factors in Turkiye: A cross-sectional study

Objective This study determined the prevalence of obstetric violence experienced by women during child-birth and related factors in Turkiye.Design Cross-sectional studySetting This study was conducted in the mother-child health and gynecology outpatient clinics of the training and research hospital in Turkiye.Participants The study was completed with 513 women who gave birth in the last two years between January and May 2022.Methods Data were collected using a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. Bivariate and mul-tivariate logistic regression analyzed the relationship between obstetric violence and socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics.Findings Obstetric violence was reported by 76.4% of the women: 44.4% physical abuse, 44.4% aban-donment of care, 26.5% non-consented care, 25.1% non-dignified care, 3.3% non-confidential care, and 0.4% discrimination. Low income (OR = 1.98), physician-attended birth (OR = 2.91), vaginal birth (OR = 6.04), and newborn admission to the neonatal care unit (OR = 2.99) were associated with higher reporting of obstet-ric violence. Primiparous women (OR = 0.51), whose pain was controlled by non-pharmacological methods (OR = 0.34) and who received companion support (OR = 0.24) were less likely to report experiencing ob-stetric violence ( p < 0.05).Key conclusions Approximately three out of four Turkish women report that they have been exposed to obstetric violence during childbirth. In Turkiye, vaginal birth is the type of childbirth with the highest rate of obstetric violence reporting. Women who are low-income and multiparous, who are deprived of midwife, companion, and pain control support during childbirth, are more likely to experience obstetric violence. Implications for practice Supporting low-income women, protecting women from traumatic acts and unnecessary interventions in a vaginal birth, increasing births under the attendance of midwives, and providing pain control with non-pharmacological methods, and companion support during labor may be protective factors against obstetric violence. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.