Research on the Evolution of Country-Level BGP Network Ecosystems in 24 Years

The global Internet is composed of more than 70,000 autonomous domain networks interconnected through the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Studying the ecological evolution of BGP network is of great significance for analyzing the evolution trend of the global Internet. This paper focuses on the evolution of Country-Level BGP network ecosystems in 24 years, and innovatively studies the relationship between Country-Level BGP network and economy, breaking through the limitations of traditional research that only focuses on BGP network. The results revealed that the number of global BGP networks has increased by nearly 23 times and that network interconnection has increased nearly 80 times over in 24 years. It was found that the growth of the global BGP network ecosystem has slowed overall due to major global security events, although the BGP network ecosystem in some Southeast Asian countries is developing against the trend. At the same time, there is a significant positive correlation between the BGP network ecology and the national economy in the time dimension; there is a strong positive correlation in the spatial dimension, but the trend is weakening year by year.