Disparities in Sleep Quality as a Function of Sexual Minority Status: Associations with Sexual Abuse

Despite growing evidence that disparities in sleep quality exist between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals, few studies have explored possible explanations for these disparities. This study aimed to identify variables that may account for sleep disparities between lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual adults. We hypothesized that sexual abuse in childhood and adulthood, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms would be related to the association between sexual orientation and sleep quality. Cisgender sexual minority (n = 324) and heterosexual adults (n = 157) aged from 21 to 34 years in the United States completed an online survey. Sexual minority adults reported more sexual abuse during childhood and adulthood, higher levels of stress and depressive symptoms, and poorer sleep compared to their heterosexual peers. The results of path analysis indicated that sexual orientation was associated with sleep quality both directly and indirectly via sexual abuse, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms. These findings offer some insight into possible mediators of sleep disparities among sexual minority individuals and also suggest potential avenues for preventive interventions.