Insightful Electric Vehicle Utility Grid Aggregator Methodology Based on the G2V and V2G Technologies in Egypt

被引:6
|
作者
Makeen, Peter [1 ,2 ]
Ghali, Hani A. [1 ]
Memon, Saim [2 ,3 ]
Duan, Fang [2 ]
机构
[1] British Univ Egypt BUE, Fac Engn, Elect Engn Dept, El Sherouk 11837, Egypt
[2] London South Bank Univ, Sch Engn, Elect & Elect Engn Div, 103 Borough Rd, London SE1 0AA, England
[3] Fac STEM, Sch Engn, Arden House,Middlemarch Pk, Coventry CV3 4FJ, Warwickshire, England
关键词
electric vehicles; EV aggregators; degradation cost; grid-to-vehicle; vehicle-to-grid; OPTIMIZATION; BATTERIES; COST;
D O I
10.3390/su15021283
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Due to the exponential expansion of the global fleet of electric vehicles (EVs) in the utility grid, the vehicle-to-grid paradigm is gaining more attention to alleviate the pressure on the grid. Therefore, an EV aggregator acts as a resilient load to enhance the power deficiency in the electrical grid. This paper proposes the vital development of a central aggregator to optimize the hierarchical bi-directional technique throughout the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies. This study was implemented using three different types of EVs that are assumed to penetrate the utility grid throughout the day in an organized pattern. The aggregator determines the number of EVs that would participate in the electric power trade during the day and sets the charging/discharging capacity level for each EV. In addition, the proposed model minimized the battery degradation cost while maximizing the revenue of the EV owner using the V2G technology and ensuring a sufficient grid peak load demand shaving based on the genetic algorithm (GA). Three case studies were investigated based on the parking interval time where the battery degradation cost was minimized to reach approx. 82.04%. However, the revenue of the EV owner increased when the battery degradation cost was ignored. In addition, the load demand decreased by 26.5%. The implemented methodology ensured an effective grid stabilization service by shaving the load demand to identify the average required power throughout the day. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is ensured since our output findings were in good agreement with the literature survey.
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页数:14
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