Are physiotherapy student-led services a suitable model of clinical education? - perceptions & experiences of physiotherapists, students & patients, a qualitative meta-synthesis

Introduction Physiotherapy student-led services (SLS) are becoming increasingly prevalent in clinical education (CE) practice within physiotherapy curricula. This innovative model differs from traditional styles adopted by many, as its primary focus is on increased student responsibility and replicating the reality of practice. However, limited literature is currently available on its suitability as a CE model and on the perceptions of such a model. Purpose This qualitative study aims to evaluate the suitability of physiotherapy SLS as a model of CE, as perceived by all involved stakeholders. Methods A qualitative meta-synthesis of literature sourced from popular healthcare databases was conducted. Studies incorporating any stakeholder perspectives on physiotherapy SLS, or that focused on it as a method of CE were included. Quality appraisal and thematic analysis were conducted on nine included studies. Results All included studies were deemed to be of high-quality following appraisal. Five key themes were developed, showcasing the added benefits and challenges of SLS. These included: 1) Development of Desirable Professional Skills and Attributes; 2) Need for Optimal Supervision; 3) Peer Learning Experience; 4) High-Quality Care; and 5) Student Autonomy. Conclusion Physiotherapy SLS offers attractive opportunities for students conducting CE. Involved stakeholders believe that this model does not negatively impact the quality of care and safety provided to patients who attend.