Fuze is a small, highly integrated optical electromechanical system used in communication interaction, sensing detection, information processing, and control and execution. It is the "brain" of weapons and the key to the destructive effect of ammunition. Advanced fuze technology is an important technical field for major military powers. In this paper, the research on advanced fuze technology is summarized, and the development of fuze over the past ten years is outlined for four basic aspects: Information crosslinking, terminal detection, target recognition, and transient control. Regarding information crosslinking, basic technological research on the two stages from wired loading to nonwired loading has matured, and its compatibility with various weapon platforms and ammunition types has been systematically studied in engineering. The development of this field is increasingly dependent on advancements in wireless energy-information transmission in nanomaterials, functional devices, transmission systems, and so on. The essential difficulty in terminal detection is the coupling of various forms of interference. The basic characteristics of detection methods such as millimeter wave, laser, ferromagnetic, and penetration acceleration detection have been studied under different types of interference. Future development depends on exploring new physical mechanisms, such as the quantum detection effect, and new information theories, such as multi-source information fusion perception. Regarding target identification, empirical rule criteria enable the determination of typical targets in artificial intelligence identification for the two primary initiation systems of near blast and penetration. In the future, enhancing the compatibility of highperformance artificial intelligence identification algorithms and weak hardware resources of the fuze is important. In transient control, the traditional open-loop control architecture of the three independent links of detection, status, and detonation is replaced with a new three-way cascade control architecture. Future development should focus on improving the basic database construction and specialized hardware design of the triple cascade control architecture to promote its application in advanced fuze equipment. The evolution of fuze technology is then described in terms of three applications: miniaturization, multi-function, and multi-source compound anti-jamming. Understanding fuze development in China and abroad and the existing equipment enables us to foresee the direction of the advancement of fuze. The modular design concept will be used in fuze full-life safety design. Advanced quantum detection technology affords higher reliability than traditional terminal detection and target recognition technologies. The development of battery technology provides fuze with a stronger power source; the increased computing power of special brain-like architecture processors will aid in advancing the information crosslinking and target recognition technologies of the fuze. The integrated design of a fuze warhead will significantly impact its transient control technology, and maximum control of damage efficiency can be achieved using the approximate solution of nonlinear optimization problems.
