Development of micro/nanostructured-based biomaterials with biomedical applications

Natural biomaterials are now frequently used to build biocarrier systems, which can carry medications and biomolecules to a target region and achieve a desired therapeutic effect. Biomaterials and polymers are of great importance in the synthesis of nanomaterials. The recent studies have tended to use these materials because they are easily obtained from natural sources such as fungi, algae, bacteria, and medicinal plants. They are also biodegradable, compatible with neighborhoods, and non-toxic. Natural biomaterials and polymers are chemically changed when they are linked by cross linking agents with other polymers to create scaffolds, matrices, composites, and interpenetrating polymer networks employing microtechnology and nanotechnology. This review highlights how microengineered and nanoengineered biomaterials are utilized to produce efficient drug-delivery systems and biomedical and biological therapies and how innovative sources of biomaterials have been identified.