Between water and land: Connecting and comparing underwater, terrestrial and airborne remote-sensing techniques

Ostr ' ow Lednicki is one of the most important early medieval sites in Poland. Land and underwater archaeological excavations have been carried out there for many decades. This has allowed for a significant reconnaisance of the Lednica settlement complex. However, further research, especially that carried out underwater and in the shorezone, has required the use of modern methods involving a multibeam echosounder (MBES), sub-bottom profiler (SBP), caesium magnetometer and LiDAR scans. The primary platform used for combining the underwater and aerial survey data was a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. This software made it possible to compare and correlate acoustic, magnetic, seismic and laser data. As a result, new important archaeological features were discovered, including two previously unknown bridges and extensive shore-zone fortifications.