Ethical and Legal Considerations for Recording in the Operating Room: A Systematic Review

Introduction: The integration of high-resolution video into surgical practice has fostered widespread interest in capturing surgical video recordings for the purposes of patient care, medical training, quality improvement, and documentation. The capture, analysis, and storing of such recordings inherently impact operating room (OR) activities and introduce potential harms to patients as well as members of the surgical team, which can be analyzed from both ethical and legal perspectives.Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic literature search of PubMed was conducted. The cita-tions of included articles were then reviewed to find any articles not captured by our initial search.Results: 62 Articles were included in the review (52 from PubMed search and 10 from citation review). Prevalent key issues in the literature at present include privacy, consent, ownership, legal use and discoverability, editing, data security, and recording's impact on the surgical team.Conclusions: This review aims to spark proactive discussions of the ethical and legal im-plications of recording in the OR, which will guide transformation as the medical field adapts to new and innovative technologies without compromising its ideals or patient care.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.