Idiopathic eosinophilic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis: Two rare cases report

Introduction and importance: Eosinophilic cholecystitis is an unusual condition in which more than 90 % of the inflammatory infiltrate in the gallbladder wall is comprised of eosinophils. The pathogenesis of eosinophilic cholecystitis is still unknown, but in some cases, it is related to hyper-eosinophilic syndrome, parasitosis, infections, and drugs. Case presentation: We described two cases in which a woman aged 27 years and a man aged 30 years presented with acute and chronic cholecystitis symptoms, respectively. The ultrasound revealed calculous cholecystitis. The cholecystectomy was performed, and the pathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed eosinophilic cholecystitis. Clinical discussion: Eosinophilic cholecystitis is a rare disease of the gallbladder. It accounts for 0.25 to 6.4 % of cholecystitis cases. It is characterized by eosinophils infiltration in the lamina propria and the muscle layer. There are no specific symptoms of this disease; it presents as typical cholecystitis. The histopathological investigation is the gold standard for diagnosing eosinophilic cholecystitis, and cholecystectomy is the ultimate treatment for it. Conclusion: Eosinophilic cholecystitis is a rare condition characterized by acute cholecystitis with eosinophilic infiltration of the gallbladder. In patients with eosinophilic cholecystitis, a comprehensive assessment of the underlying causes is recommended.