Artificial intelligence in orthopaedics What can we expect?

We are in a period of exponential growth in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in all specialties, including orthopaedics. Nearly 90% of AI research in orthopaedics has been published in the last 3 years. In the majority of studies, AI was used for image interpretation or as a clinical decision-making tool. The most commonly studied regions were the spine, knee, and hip. As data acquisition improves, so do the opportunities associated with AI for more accurate diagnostics, patient-specific treatment approaches, improved outcome prediction, and enhanced education. AI offers a potential pathway to support physicians, while maximizing the value of care. A basic understanding of what AI entails and how it can impact orthopaedics and patient care is essential. This article provides an overview of the applications of AI systems in orthopaedics and places them in the overall context consisting of stakeholders from politics, industry, government, and medicine.