Development and Evaluation of Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with IoT Data Monitoring

Sunlight and heat are natural sources in our earth where we can use various continually changing techniques, including solar thermal and artificial photosynthesis. Solar energy from renewable sources is a significant source of electricity. The solar trackers' function minimizes the incidence angle between incoming light and the photovoltaic panel. These mechanisms shift their orientation during the day as the sun maximizes energy absorption. Compared to the fixed angle system, solar trackers would increase solar energy. In any solar system, the shifting efficiency increases by continuously adjusting the tracking system at the best angle as the sun goes through the sky. This project presents the development of the solar tracking system using Arduino UNO, allowing the panel to move towards the high intensity of sunlight via four LDRs. The monitoring system is implemented in this tracking system in real-time data of solar energy parameters and factors affecting its deficiencies using Thing Speak platform interfacing with Wemos D1 R2. The result shows the tracking system has efficiencies of 55.38% higher than the single-axis system. The monitoring system is practical for real-time analyzing the solar panel component environmental factor.