Gamification Mobile Applications: A Literature Review of Empirical Studies

Gamification is an increasingly important topic and appears to be an emerging trend inmany areas. However, research on gamified mobile applications is still fragmented, and a systematic overview of gamification in mobile apps is missing. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review of 43 empirical studies to explore the state of the art in integrating gamification approaches into mobile apps. The literature review covers gamification design elements, psychological outcomes, behavioral outcomes, research areas, and the effect of gamification. The results show that rewards are the most commonly used design element of gamification in mobile apps. Gamification has a potential impact on psychology and behavior and provides positive benefits. The review's findings extend the knowledge base by providing insight for further studies and the design of gamified systems.