Mid-career switch nursing students' perceptions and experiences of using immersive virtual reality for clinical skills learning: A mixed methods study

Background: There has been an increase of mid-career professionals joining nursing. These adult students possess significant expertise in other areas and may benefit substantially in deliberate practice to acquire skills com- petency using immersive virtual reality (IVR) for clinical procedures before they practise in actual clinical settings. Objectives: This study aims to (1) examine the impact of IVR clinical procedures on mid-career switch students in knowledge, game perception and user reaction; (2) to explore the mid-career switch students' perceptions and experiences in using the IVR clinical procedures.Design: A mixed methods feasibility study was used.Setting and participants: This study was conducted at a university in Singapore with 34 first-year mid-career switch students.Methods: This study is a single-group pre-test and post-test experimental study on learning clinical procedures using IVR in the home setting. The study took place from September to November 2021. Focus group discussions were conducted and analysed verbatim using thematic analysis.Results: The students demonstrated significant improvement of knowledge for subcutaneous insulin, but overall, the increase in combined scores for both intravenous therapy and subcutaneous insulin were not statistically significant. Three overarching themes included: 1) Learning and practice, 2) Challenges and barriers, and 3) Personal attributes. Most of the participants found the experiences to be engaging, relevant, and satisfying. Some reported experiencing giddiness, headache, and lack of familiarity with technologies. Conclusions: IVR simulation can potentially be used as a supplementary learning tool to improve knowledge of clinical procedures in mid-career switch students.