Thermal storage characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material coatings in low-energy rural prefabricated building walls

Prefabricated buildings in rural areas of China waste a large amount of energy due to poor thermal insulation. Phase change materials (PCMs) are able to stabilize room temperature by latent heat absorption and release during the phase change process. This study incorporated PCMs in the form of microcapsules into the interior wall coatings of prefabricated buildings, and by taking advantage of PCMs' energy storage capacity, the thermal storage characteristics of PCM-coated bricks were investigated. The results show that microencapsulated phase change material(MPCM) coatings for prefabricated walls exhibit excellent thermal stability properties and effectively reduce the heat flux of prefabricated walls, with coatings having a MPCM mass fraction of 15% and a thickness of 5 mm providing the highest overall benefits. By fitting the numerical simulation results with experimental data, a novel multifunctional passive solar phase change heat collection and storage wall system was developed. This study innovatively combines energy storage materials with interior wall coatings in prefabricated walls of modular buildings investigating how it enhances the thermal stability of the external insulation walls and effectively reduces the reliance on heating equipment for auxiliary heating in rural residences. This essay aims to provide feasible recommendations for optimizing the dual-stage energy-saving and carbon reduction goals in both the construction and operation of rural areas.