Mouth Rinsing and Ingestion of Unpleasant Salty or Bitter Solutions Does Not Improve Cycling Sprint Performance in Trained Cyclists

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mouth rinsing and ingesting unpleasant salty or bitter solutions on cycling sprint performance and knee extensor force characteristics. Eleven male and one female trained cyclists (age: 34 +/- 9 years, maximal oxygen uptake 56.9 +/- 3.9 ml center dot kg-1 center dot min-1) completed a ramp test and familiarization followed by four experimental trials. In each trial, participants completed an all-out 30-s cycling sprint with knee extensor maximal voluntary contractions before and immediately after the sprint. In a randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over order, the four main trials were: a no solution control condition, water, salty (5.8%), or bitter (2 mM quinine) solutions that were mouth rinsed (10 s) and ingested immediately before the cycling sprint. There were no significant differences between conditions in mean power (mean +/- SD, no solution: 822 +/- 115 W, water: 818 +/- 108 W, salt: 832 +/- 111 W, bitter: 818 +/- 105 W); peak power (no solution: 1,184 +/- 205 W, water: 1,177 +/- 207 W, salt: 1,195 +/- 210 W, bitter: 1,184 +/- 209 W); or fatigue index (no solution: 51.5% +/- 5.7%, water: 50.8% +/- 7.0%, salt: 51.1% +/- 5.9%, bitter: 51.2% +/- 7.1%) during the sprint. Maximal force and impulse declined postexercise; however, there were no significant differences between conditions in knee extensor force characteristics. The present data do not support the use of unpleasant salty or bitter solutions as an ergogenic aid to improve sprint exercise performance.